UPDATE 算子用于更新数据表中满足指定条件的数据行。
OceanBase 数据库支持的 UPDATE 算子包括 UPDATE 和 MULTI PARTITION UPDATE。
UPDATE
UPDATE 算子用于更新数据表单个分区中的数据。
如下例所示,Q1 查询更新了表 t1 中所有满足 c2 = '100'
的行,并将 c2 的值设置为 200。
obclient>CREATE TABLE t1 (c1 INT PRIMARY KEY, c2 VARCHAR2(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
obclient>CREATE TABLE t2 (c1 INT PRIMARY KEY, c2 VARCHAR2(10)) PARTITION BY
HASH(c1) PARTITIONS 10;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
obclient>CREATE TABLE t3 (c1 INT PRIMARY KEY, c2 VARCHAR2(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
obclient>CREATE INDEX IDX_t3_c2 ON t3 (c2) PARTITION BY HASH(c2) PARTITIONS 3;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
Q1:
obclient>EXPLAIN UPDATE t1 SET c2 = '200' WHERE c2 = '100'G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Query Plan:
======================================
|ID|OPERATOR |NAME|EST. ROWS|COST |
-----------------------------------------------
|0 |EXCHANGE IN REMOTE | |990 |109687|
|1 | EXCHANGE OUT REMOTE| |990 |109687|
|2 | UPDATE | |990 |109687|
|3 | TABLE SCAN |T1 |990 |108697|
===============================================
Outputs & filters:
-------------------------------------
0 - output(nil), filter(nil)
1 - output(nil), filter(nil)
2 - output(nil), filter(nil), table_columns([{T1: ({T1: (T1.C1, T1.C2)})}]),
update([T1.C2=?])
3 - output([T1.C1], [T1.C2], [?]), filter([T1.C2 = '100']),
access([T1.C2], [T1.C1]), partitions(p0)
上述示例中,执行计划展示中的 outputs & filters 详细列出了 UPDATE 算子的输出信息如下:
信息名称 | 含义 |
---|---|
output | 该算子输出的表达式。 |
filter | 该算子上的过滤条件。由于示例中 UPDATE 算子没有 filter,所以为 nil。对于更新语句,WHERE 中的谓词会下推到基表上,比如 Q1 查询中的 c2 = '100' 被下推到了 1 号算子上。 |
table_columns | 更新操作涉及的数据表的列。 |
update | 更新操作中所有的赋值表达式。 |
更多 UPDATE 算子的示例如下:
Q2 查询更新 t1 中的所有数据行,并将 c2 的值置为 200。
Q3 查询更新分区表 t2 中满足
c1='100'
的数据行,并将 c2 的值置为 150。Q4 查询更新分区表 t2 中满足
c2 ='100'
的数据行,并将c2
的值置为rpad(t2.c2, 10, '9')
。从执行计划中可以看到,UPDATE 算子分配在 EXCHANGE 算子下面,因此 2 号和 3 号算子会作为一个 task 以分区的粒度进行调度。执行时 3 号算子扫描出 t2 一个分区中满足c2 = '100'
的数据,2
号 UPDATE 算子则只会更新相应分区下扫描出的数据。
Q2:
obclient>EXPLAIN UPDATE t1 SET c2 = '200'G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Query Plan:
======================================
|ID|OPERATOR |NAME|EST. ROWS|COST |
-----------------------------------------------
|0 |EXCHANGE IN REMOTE | |100000 |161860|
|1 | EXCHANGE OUT REMOTE| |100000 |161860|
|2 | UPDATE | |100000 |161860|
|3 | TABLE SCAN |T1 |100000 |61860 |
===============================================
Outputs & filters:
-------------------------------------
0 - output(nil), filter(nil)
1 - output(nil), filter(nil)
2 - output(nil), filter(nil), table_columns([{T1: ({T1: (T1.C1, T1.C2)})}]),
update([T1.C2=?])
3 - output([T1.C1], [T1.C2], [?]), filter(nil),
access([T1.C2], [T1.C1]), partitions(p0)
Q3:
obclient>EXPLAIN UPDATE t2 SET t2.c2 = '150' WHERE t2.c1 = '100'G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Query Plan:
===================================
|ID|OPERATOR |NAME|EST. ROWS|COST|
-----------------------------------
|0 |UPDATE | |1 |53 |
|1 | TABLE GET|T2 |1 |52 |
===================================
Outputs & filters:
-------------------------------------
0 - output(nil), filter(nil), table_columns([{T2: ({T2: (T2.C1, T2.C2)})}]),
update([T2.C2=?])
1 - output([T2.C1], [T2.C2], [?]), filter(nil),
access([T2.C1], [T2.C2]), partitions(p5)
Q4:
obclient>EXPLAIN UPDATE t2 SET t2.c2 = RPAD(t2.c2, 10, '9') WHERE t2.c2 = '100'G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Query Plan:
===============================================
|ID|OPERATOR |NAME |EST. ROWS|COST |
-------------------------------------------------------
|0 |PX COORDINATOR | |9900 |1096793|
|1 | EXCHANGE OUT DISTR |:EX10000|9900 |1096793|
|2 | PX PARTITION ITERATOR| |9900 |1096793|
|3 | UPDATE | |9900 |1096793|
|4 | TABLE SCAN |T2 |9900 |1086893|
=======================================================
Outputs & filters:
-------------------------------------
0 - output(nil), filter(nil)
1 - output(nil), filter(nil), dop=1
2 - output(nil), filter(nil)
3 - output(nil), filter(nil), table_columns([{T2: ({T2: (T2.C1, T2.C2)})}]),
update([T2.C2=column_conv(VARCHAR,utf8mb4_bin,length:10,NULL,RPAD(T2.C2, 10, ?))])
4 - output([T2.C1], [T2.C2], [column_conv(VARCHAR,utf8mb4_bin,length:10,NULL,RPAD(T2.C2, 10, ?))]), filter([T2.C2 = '100']),
access([T2.C1], [T2.C2]), partitions(p[0-9])
MULTI PARTITION UPDATE
MULTI PARTITION UPDATE 算子表示更新数据表多个分区中的数据。如下例所示,Q5 查询更新表 t3 中所有满足c2 < '100'
的数据行,并将 c2 的值置为 200。虽然 t3 本身是一个非分区表,但 t3 上存在全局索引 idx_t3_c2,因此每一条数据行会存在于多个分区中。
Q5:
obclient>EXPLAIN UPDATE t3 SET c2 = '200' WHERE c2 < '100'G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Query Plan:
========================================================
|ID|OPERATOR |NAME |EST. ROWS|COST |
-----------------------------------------------------------
|0 |MULTI PARTITION UPDATE | |10001 |27780|
|1 | PX COORDINATOR | |10001 |17780|
|2 | EXCHANGE OUT DISTR |:EX10000 |10001 |14941|
|3 | PX PARTITION ITERATOR| |10001 |14941|
|4 | TABLE SCAN |T3(IDX_T3_C2)|10001 |14941|
===========================================================
Outputs & filters:
-------------------------------------
0 - output(nil), filter(nil), table_columns([{T3: ({T3: (T3.C1, T3.C2)}, {IDX_T3_C2: (T3.C2, T3.C1)})}]),
update([T3.C2=?])
1 - output([T3.C1], [T3.C2], [?]), filter(nil)
2 - output([T3.C2], [T3.C1], [?]), filter(nil), dop=1
3 - output([T3.C2], [T3.C1], [?]), filter(nil)
4 - output([T3.C2], [T3.C1], [?]), filter(nil),
access([T3.C2], [T3.C1]), partitions(p[0-2])
更多 MULTI PARTITION UPDATE 的示例如下:
Q6 查询更新分区表 t2 中满足
c1 = 100
的数据行,并将 c1 的值设置为 101。因为更新的列是主键列,可能会导致更新后的数据行与更新前的数据行位于不同的分区,因此需要使用 MULTI PARTITION UPDATE 算子进行更新。
Q6:
obclient>EXPLAIN UPDATE t2 SET t2.c1 = 101 WHERE t2.c1 = 100G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Query Plan:
===============================================
|ID|OPERATOR |NAME|EST. ROWS|COST|
-----------------------------------------------
|0 |MULTI PARTITION UPDATE| |1 |54 |
|1 | EXCHANGE IN DISTR | |1 |53 |
|2 | EXCHANGE OUT DISTR | |1 |52 |
|3 | TABLE GET |T2 |1 |52 |
===============================================
Outputs & filters:
-------------------------------------
0 - output(nil), filter(nil), table_columns([{T2: ({T2: (T2.C1, T2.C2)})}]),
update([T2.C1=?])
1 - output([T2.C1], [T2.C2], [?]), filter(nil)
2 - output([T2.C1], [T2.C2], [?]), filter(nil)
3 - output([T2.C1], [T2.C2], [?]), filter(nil),
access([T2.C1], [T2.C2]), partitions(p5)
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