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CSS3图片 | CSS3教程

terry • • CSS3教程 • 阅读 314

本次小编给大家介绍如何使用 CSS 来布局图片。

圆角图片

img {
    border-radius: 8px;
}

椭圆形图片：

img {
    border-radius: 50%;
}

缩略图

我们使用 border 属性来创建缩略图。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>Web176教程网(web176.com)</title> 
<style>
a {
    display: inline-block;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    border-radius: 4px;
    padding: 5px;
    transition: 0.3s;
}

a:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px rgba(0, 140, 186, 0.5);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h2>缩略图作为连接</h2>
<p>我们使用 border 属性来创建缩略图。在图片外层添加一个链接。</p>
<p>点击图片查看效果：</p>

<a target="_blank" href="paris.jpg">
  <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Paris" width="400" height="300">
</a>

</body>
</html>

响应式图片

响应式图片会自动适配各种尺寸的屏幕。

实例中，你可以通过重置浏览器大小查看效果。

如果你需要自由缩放图片，且图片放大的尺寸不大于其原始的最大值，则可使用以下代码：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>Web176教程网(web176.com)</title> 
<style>
img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h2>响应式图片</h2>
<p>响应式图片会自动适配各种尺寸的屏幕。</p>
<p>通过重置浏览器大小查看效果:</p>

<img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Norway" width="1000" height="300">

</body>
</html>

卡片式图片

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>Web176教程网(web176.com)</title> 
<style>
body {margin:25px;}

div.polaroid {
  width: 80%;
  background-color: white;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19);
  margin-bottom: 25px;
}

div.container {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 10px 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h2>响应式卡片</h2>

<div class="polaroid">
  <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Norway" style="width:100%">
  <div class="container">
    <p>The Troll's tongue in Hardanger, Norway</p>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="polaroid">
  <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Norway" style="width:100%">
  <div class="container">
    <p>Northern Lights in Norway</p>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

图片滤镜

CSS filter 属性用为元素添加可视效果 (例如：模糊与饱和度) 。

注意: Internet Explorer 或 Safari 5.1 (及更早版本) 不支持该属性。

修改所有图片的颜色为黑白 (100% 灰度)：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>Web176教程网(web176.com)</title> 
<style>
img {
    width: 33%;
    height: auto;
    float: left; 
    max-width: 235px;
}

.blur {-webkit-filter: blur(4px);filter: blur(4px);}
.brightness {-webkit-filter: brightness(250%);filter: brightness(250%);}
.contrast {-webkit-filter: contrast(180%);filter: contrast(180%);}
.grayscale {-webkit-filter: grayscale(100%);filter: grayscale(100%);}
.huerotate {-webkit-filter: hue-rotate(180deg);filter: hue-rotate(180deg);}
.invert {-webkit-filter: invert(100%);filter: invert(100%);}
.opacity {-webkit-filter: opacity(50%);filter: opacity(50%);}
.saturate {-webkit-filter: saturate(7); filter: saturate(7);}
.sepia {-webkit-filter: sepia(100%);filter: sepia(100%);}
.shadow {-webkit-filter: drop-shadow(8px 8px 10px green);filter: drop-shadow(8px 8px 10px green);}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<p><strong>注意:</strong> Internet Explorer <span lang="no-bok">或 Safari 5.1 (及更早版本)</span> 不支持该属性。</p>

<img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="blur" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="brightness" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="contrast" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="grayscale" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="huerotate" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="invert" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="opacity" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="saturate" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="sepia" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">
<img class="shadow" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Pineapple" width="300" height="300">

</body>
</html>

响应式图片相册

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>Web176教程网(web176.com)</title> 
<style>
div.img {
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
}

div.img:hover {
    border: 1px solid #777;
}

div.img img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

div.desc {
    padding: 15px;
    text-align: center;
}

* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.responsive {
    padding: 0 6px;
    float: left;
    width: 24.99999%;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 700px){
    .responsive {
        width: 49.99999%;
        margin: 6px 0;
    }
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 500px){
    .responsive {
        width: 100%;
    }
}

.clearfix:after {
    content: "";
    display: table;
    clear: both;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h2 style="text-align:center">响应式图片相册</h2>

<div class="responsive">
  <div class="img">
    <a target="_blank" href="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg">
      <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1" alt="Trolltunga Norway" width="300" height="200">
    </a>
    <div class="desc">Add a description of the image here</div>
  </div>
</div>


<div class="responsive">
  <div class="img">
    <a target="_blank" href="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1">
      <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1" alt="Forest" width="600" height="400">
    </a>
    <div class="desc">Add a description of the image here</div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="responsive">
  <div class="img">
    <a target="_blank" href="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1">
      <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1" alt="Northern Lights" width="600" height="400">
    </a>
    <div class="desc">Add a description of the image here</div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="responsive">
  <div class="img">
    <a target="_blank" href="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1">
      <img src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1" alt="Mountains" width="600" height="400">
    </a>
    <div class="desc">Add a description of the image here</div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="clearfix"></div>

<div style="padding:6px;">
  
  <h4>重置浏览器大小查看效果</h4>
</div>

</body>
</html>

图片 Modal(模态)

本实例演示了如何结合 CSS 和 JavaScript 来一起渲染图片。

首先，我们使用 CSS 来创建 modal 窗口 (对话框), 默认是隐藏的。

然后，我们使用 JavaScript 来显示模态窗口，当我们点击图片时，图片会在弹出的窗口中显示：

// 获取模态窗口
var modal = document.getElementById('myModal');

// 获取图片模态框，alt 属性作为图片弹出中文本描述
var img = document.getElementById('myImg');
var modalImg = document.getElementById("img01");
var captionText = document.getElementById("caption");
img.onclick = function(){
    modal.style.display = "block";
    modalImg.src = this.src;
    modalImg.alt = this.alt;
    captionText.innerHTML = this.alt;
}

// Get the <span> element that closes the modal
var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0];

// When the user clicks on <span> (x), close the modal
span.onclick = function() {
    modal.style.display = "none";
}

DEMO：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>Web176教程网(web176.com)</title> 
<style>
#myImg {
    border-radius: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: 0.3s;
}

#myImg:hover {opacity: 0.7;}

/* The Modal (background) */
.modal {
    display: none; /* Hidden by default */
    position: fixed; /* Stay in place */
    z-index: 1; /* Sit on top */
    padding-top: 100px; /* Location of the box */
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    width: 100%; /* Full width */
    height: 100%; /* Full height */
    overflow: auto; /* Enable scroll if needed */
    background-color: rgb(0,0,0); /* Fallback color */
    background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.9); /* Black w/ opacity */
}

/* Modal Content (image) */
.modal-content {
    margin: auto;
    display: block;
    width: 80%;
    max-width: 700px;
}

/* Caption of Modal Image */
#caption {
    margin: auto;
    display: block;
    width: 80%;
    max-width: 700px;
    text-align: center;
    color: #ccc;
    padding: 10px 0;
    height: 150px;
}

/* Add Animation */
.modal-content, #caption {    
    -webkit-animation-name: zoom;
    -webkit-animation-duration: 0.6s;
    animation-name: zoom;
    animation-duration: 0.6s;
}

@-webkit-keyframes zoom {
    from {-webkit-transform: scale(0)} 
    to {-webkit-transform: scale(1)}
}

@keyframes zoom {
    from {transform: scale(0.1)} 
    to {transform: scale(1)}
}

/* The Close Button */
.close {
    position: absolute;
    top: 15px;
    right: 35px;
    color: #f1f1f1;
    font-size: 40px;
    font-weight: bold;
    transition: 0.3s;
}

.close:hover,
.close:focus {
    color: #bbb;
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

/* 100% Image Width on Smaller Screens */
@media only screen and (max-width: 700px){
    .modal-content {
        width: 100%;
    }
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h2>图片模态框</h2>
<p>本实例演示了如何结合 CSS 和 JavaScript 来一起渲染图片。</p><p>
首先，我们使用 CSS 来创建 modal 窗口 (对话框), 默认是隐藏的。<p>
<p>然后，我们使用 JavaScript 来显示模态窗口，当我们点击图片时，图片会在弹出的窗口中显示：</p>
<img id="myImg" src="/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/3-1.jpg" alt="Northern Lights, Norway" width="300" height="200">

<!-- The Modal -->
<div id="myModal" class="modal">
  <span class="close">×</span>
  <img class="modal-content" id="img01">
  <div id="caption"></div>
</div>

<script>
// 获取模态窗口
var modal = document.getElementById('myModal');

// 获取图片模态框，alt 属性作为图片弹出中文本描述
var img = document.getElementById('myImg');
var modalImg = document.getElementById("img01");
var captionText = document.getElementById("caption");
img.onclick = function(){
    modal.style.display = "block";
    modalImg.src = this.src;
    modalImg.alt = this.alt;
    captionText.innerHTML = this.alt;
}

// 获取 <span> 元素，设置关闭模态框按钮
var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0];

// 点击 <span> 元素上的 (x), 关闭模态框
span.onclick = function() { 
    modal.style.display = "none";
}
</script>

</body>
</html>

作者：terry，如若转载，请注明出处：https://www.web176.com/css3/4966.html

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